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商业航天产业化基地南沙投产 年产可达30发运载火箭******
中新网广州1月10日电 (孙秋霞 王坚)近日，中科空天飞行科技产业化基地在广州南沙落成投产。该基地主要用于开展系列化固体、液体运载火箭的生产、试验、总装及测试工作，年产可达30发运载火箭，将带动上下游产业链实现千亿级规模。
图为力箭系列运载火箭重大发射项目签约仪式 陈楚红 摄中科空天飞行科技产业化基地是由中科宇航打造的系列化运载火箭产业基地，于2020年9月29日在南沙大岗先进制造业基地正式开工建设，2022年11月竣工并投入使用。该基地不仅有火箭的总装与测试，而且箭上设备等零部件都将在这里生产，是全产业链商业航天产业化基地，将填补广东在航天制造业上的空白。
中科宇航董事长兼总裁杨毅强介绍，位于中科空天飞行科技产业化基地的力箭一号遥二运载火箭总装已完成，正在进行出厂测试，该基地初步形成了运载火箭总装测试能力。
2022年7月27日，由中国科学院力学研究所抓总、中科宇航参与研制的我国目前最大的固体运载火箭——“力箭一号”在酒泉卫星发射中心成功首飞，将六颗卫星送入500公里太阳同步轨道。首飞搭载的六颗卫星，上行载荷1068.63公斤，卫星总重899公斤，实现百米级精确入轨。首飞成功后，“力箭一号”正式进入批量化生产、应用发射阶段。
图为中科空天飞行科技产业化基地总装测试厂房 陈楚红 摄中科宇航技术总监史晓宁接受记者采访时介绍，力箭一号遥二火箭计划在春节之前完成测试，后续会做一些卫星和火箭联合的试验。
据悉，力箭一号遥二运载火箭拟于2023年5月在酒泉卫星发射中心实施发射。本次运载火箭任务载荷为长沙天仪空间科技有限公司涪城一号、TY26等多颗卫星，载荷总重量1吨。
“中国商业航天在‘力箭一号’首飞之前，运载能力相对比较小，都是发射一些几百公斤的小卫星。只有把运载能力做大，才能把更多的卫星发射到太空，实现更好的物联网、车联网服务。目前‘力箭一号’火箭运载能力达1.5吨，后续还会持续优化。”史晓宁说。
在基地落成仪式上，中科宇航与中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院、长光卫星技术股份有限公司等7家合作伙伴，签署了力箭系列运载火箭重大发射项目协议，卫星签约数量200颗，总质量40吨，签约金额达16亿元。
史晓宁指出，中国商业航天向国际化靠拢，需要引入更多成熟的行业参与进来，“我们看中了粤港澳大湾区科技产业的发展，同时也希望航天产业能与这些先进的行业结合，碰撞出更多的火花”。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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